From Chapter 11, 'References'

11.3   Later References

In all references to a book or article after the first, the shortest intelligible form should be used. This applies also in a monograph, even if the work is cited in more than one chapter. The abbreviated reference will normally be the author’s name followed by the volume (if applicable) and page reference:

McArthur, p. 62.

Chadwick and Chadwick, iii, 72.

Elsky, pp. 42–46 (p. 43).

Sometimes, particularly in the case of editions of ‘Works’ or collections of essays, a short-title form of reference may be more appropriate:

Boswell, p. 326.

Chaucer, Langland, Arthur, pp. 212–44 (p. 229).

Thomas Nashe, iii, 96.

The short title of a multi-author edited collection should be followed by the name(s) of the editor(s):

Susanne Woods, ‘The Context of Jonson’s Formalism’, in Classic and Cavalier, ed. by Summers and Pebworth, pp. 77–89.

If no ambiguity is possible, the (volume and) page numbers should be given alone and preferably be included in parentheses within the text rather than as a note (see 10.2). Sometimes it may be necessary, for example when more than one work by an author has been cited, to repeat a title, in a shortened form:

McArthur, Worlds of Reference, p. 9.

If there can be no doubt which author is being referred to but more than one of his or her works has been cited, use the short title of the specific work followed by the page reference:

Worlds of Reference, p. 9.

‘The Lover as Icarus’, p. 12.

The expressions ‘loc. cit.’ and ‘op. cit.’ are too vague and should not be used. The term ‘ibid.’ should be used very sparingly and limited to those situations where there is no possibility of confusion, such as after a second reference which is separated from its predecessor by no more than four lines of typescript. Do not use ‘ibid.’ to abbreviate only part of a reference: use ‘Ibid., pp. 45–71’ not ‘Jones, ibid., pp. 45–71’. Use the capitalized form ‘Ibid.’ at the start of a note. ‘Id.’ should be avoided since the Latin idem refers only to a single male author.

Contents • Back to 11.2  Forms of Reference • Forward to 11.4  Citation by the Author–date System • Index